Metallics

They are among the most important inputs in terms of volumes in the production of both steel and pig iron.

Ferrous raw materials

(Basic Pig Iron, Low Manganese Pig Iron, Nodular Pig Iron, Hematite Pig Iron)

Pig iron is typically produced for export to places where Iron Ore and Coal resources are abundant.

For this reason, almost all world exports are concentrated in just 3 countries: Brazil, Russia, and Ukraine.

Brazil differs from the other two countries in using charcoal rather than fossil coal.

(Hot Briquetted Iron)

The two main resources for HBI production are Iron Ore and Gas, which are used in the ore reduction process.

Also, in this case, production for export is concentrated in those places where Iron Ore or Gas resources or both are abundant.

In this case, the major exporting countries in the world are Iran, Libya, Russia, Venezuela where there are large resources of both Iron Ore and Gas.

Only in the case of Libya is the abundance of gas met by the lack of Iron Ore.